United States Enters Phase Two of Gaza Ceasefire

Introduction

The United States has announced that the ceasefire in Gaza has entered phase two, emphasizing "demilitarization, technocratic governance, and reconstruction." Leaders from Hamas and representatives of other Palestinian factions are in Egypt's capital, Cairo, for discussions, but uncertainty remains profound regarding the next steps.

Achievements of Phase One

Most objectives from Trump's 20-point plan, which became the basis for a ceasefire in Gaza three months ago, have not been achieved. Here’s what happened with each of the main points of the plan since the ceasefire went into effect on October 10, 2025.

Main Points of the Plan

1. **Cease of Attacks** – Status: Not stopped. While the number of daily Israeli attacks has decreased, Israel has killed at least 451 Palestinians and injured 1,251 in an extremely dangerous environment.

2. **Restitution of Israeli Prisoners** – Status: All prisoners have been returned, except for one. Hamas released all 20 Israeli prisoners in exchange for nearly 2,000 Palestinian prisoners, but Israel has not completely honored the release agreements.

3. **Withdrawal of Israelis** – Status: Not fully withdrawn. Israel was supposed to withdraw its troops, but Israeli forces continue to expand their control.

4. **Complete Humanitarian Aid** – Status: Israel continues to restrict aid. The number of aid trucks that have entered Gaza is significantly lower than promised.

5. **Opening of the Rafah Crossing** – Status: Has not happened. The Rafah crossing remains closed by Israeli forces, limiting essential access for aid and medical evacuations.

What’s Next in Phase Two?

Phase two should focus on long-term governance and the establishment of a panel of Palestinian technocrats to lead post-war Gaza. However, so far, there has been no visible change on the ground. The sounds of drones and explosions continue to echo in Gaza.

Conclusion

Since the declaration of the ceasefire, Israel has violated the agreement with near-daily attacks. Despite these ongoing assaults, the United States maintains that the "ceasefire" is still in effect.